Constitutional Reform and Consolidation of Democracy in Latvia
2012
Gunārs Ozolzīle

The goal of this article is to investigate opportunities for further consolidation of democracy in Latvia by reforming the parliamentary governance system. The institutionalisation of democracy, which was initially based on development and adoption of the constitution, is analysed. In this process, it is significant to ensure that the fundamental law acquires both formal and empiric legitimacy. It can be achieved by observing different democratic procedures, which are not observed in Latvia, as operation of the constitution adopted in the beginning of the last century was mechanically restored. This could be one of the reasons why since the very restoration of independence in Latvia a constitutional reform has been in the political agenda. The political elite and academia still have no consensus in this issue. The problem has become even more significant due to the insufficient efficiency of the Latvian political system and dissatisfaction of the opponent of the political elite – the people – with functioning of the parliamentary system. The article provides a comparative analysis of different governance systems and investigates the experience of constitutional reforms in other post-socialist countries. The Satversme reforms offered during recent years are analysed and a conclusion is made that the institute of the president elected by people runs like a golden thread through the bulk of them. As this reform unites most of the proposals, an assumption is made that election of the president by popular vote could form the basis for further discussions.


Keywords
democracy, consolidation, institutionalising, legitimising, govenance system, constitution

Ozolzīle, G. Constitutional Reform and Consolidation of Democracy in Latvia. The Humanities and Social Sciences. Vol.20, 2012, pp.18-30. ISSN 1407-9291. e-ISSN 2255-8543.

Publication language
Latvian (lv)
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