The given article tries to show one of the possibilities in finding-out the specificity of philosophy. The author connects such possibility - with finding-out of the certain moments of the nature of categories. In a history of philosophy the certain place is engaged with representations about linkage of philosophy with the certain subject sphere. Categories, according to traditional understanding, are most the general terms (result of generalization). However, already the enumeration of some terms forces to think, that not all categories are the general terms. In the literature other understanding of the nature of categories is offered – it is efficiently to consider the categories as limiting cases of process of thinking. It is necessary to divide at least four processes of thinking and their products in connection with which the following categories have been established - generalization, synthesis, analysis, idealization (procedure as a result of which the object with attributes which size reaches the certain limiting case is created). The categorial structure of philosophy varies. The Plato’s system of categories consists of five categories, the system of categories provided by Aristoteles - ten, I.Kant’s – includes four groups. The categorial vision of the world varies and is various at different categories. This vision can be compared with a certain network - of categories. The philosophical theory cannot consist only of philosophical categories. It dilutes terms that are not categories. The philosophical theory can contain – indications of the corresponding categories have been formed. Alongside with it the philosophical theory can contain the analysis of methodological character - the analysis of compatibility, incompatibility of terms, finding-out of questions of a substantiation of logic transitions, the analysis of questions of deductive consequences. Traditionally just the presence of philosophical categories makes the theory philosophical. Sphere of the questions of philosophy and categories is necessary connected with a phenomenon of a boundary, a limit and a final. Philosophical character does not require searches for any subject specificity. The philosophy can be considered as the doctrine with the limiting terms as initial or end-products of learning of the world in the center of focus. The philosophy is a vision of the world through its maxima and minima.