This paper is dedicated to investigation of different types of instabilities in switching power converters under peak current mode control on the basis of improved discrete-time model. The general aspects of construction of complete bifurcation diagrams are supplemented by examples of possible practical applications in the field of power electronics. It is demonstrated that the data obtained from the properties of numerically calculated unstable periodic regimes can be efficiently utilized to estimate some practically relevant parameters of the converter. Special attention is paid to uncommon nonlinear effects occurring in the dynamics of boost converter as the compensation ramp is applied. The possibilities of application of different chaotic modes to the improvement of electromagnetic compatibility are defined in terms of proved robustness of chaos.