This doctoral thesis is devoted to the design and optimisation of brushless synchronous motors for use in the low-power electrical equipment, based on the detailed study of the magnetic field. The new designs of permanent-magnet synchronous motors and synchronous reluctance motors, which provide a higher value of electromagnetic torque per unit volume in comparison with known motor designs, are proposed in this paper. The specially synthesised metamodels, which are based on the results of the numerical calculation of the motor magnetic field considering the magnetic system saturation, are offered to use for the optimisation of the motor designs. The two permanent-magnet synchronous motors are designed and produced, and for the future potential producing the synchronous reluctance motor is designed in this paper. The experimental testing of the produced motors has been performed under the operating modes with rotating and braking rotors. Doctoral thesis is written in the Latvian language. It contains introduction, 5 chapters conclusions and main results of the work. Total volume of the thesis is 119 pages. Thesis consists of 64 figures and 19 tables. The number of references that is included in the thesis is 97.