The aim of the doctoral thesis is to develop a new method of dosimetry of ionizing radiation which is intended to determine the amount of dose absorbed in a nanoobject. With the development of knowledge about mechanisms of action of ionizing radiation on nanodimensional biological structures such as DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecule, and with growing requirements for safety of radiation therapy, the necessity occurs to measure doses of ionizing radiation absorbed in biological nanoobjects. However, the existing dosimeters and methods do not provide such measurements. The possibility to provide measurements in nanodosimetry has been demonstrated for the first time in the doctoral thesis. Lead sulphide (PbS) nanoparticles that effectively absorb radiation were chosen for the research. Nanoparticles were embedded in a nanolayer of zirconium oxide (ZrO2) which protected the nanoparticles from environmental influences. The dose readout was carried out using photoelectron emission spectroscopy that provided registration of electrons emitted from PbS nanoparticles. A calibration curve has been obtained (relation between the measured photoemission signal and the absorbed dose) for measurement of dose of 9 MeV electron beam radiation in a range of 0–10 Gy. Error of dose measurement is less than 11% in the range of 5–10 Gy. Method of annealing of the irradiated ZrO2:PbS nanostructures has been developed which enables to restore dosimetric characteristics of the nanostructures. The doctoral thesis is written in Latvian, the volume is 75 pages. The thesis contains 50 Figures, 3 Tables; the list of literature contains 74 titles.