This paper contains the investigation of 16-channel dense wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network (DWDM-PON) with efficient chromatic dispersion (CD) pre-compensation and post-compensation methods. It is shown that characterization of the CD is vital toward reaching maximum length of DWDM-PON system and ensuring sufficient signal transmission quality. The results show that employment of extra 6 km long dispersion compensating fiber (DCF) placed in central office (in pre-compensation configuration) extends the DWDM-PON link length by 79% (up to 188 km), but if extra 3 km long DCF fiber is used in remote terminal (post-compensation) network reach can be extended by 61% (up to 166 km). It was found that usage of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) based dispersion compensation module (DCM) in central office (pre-compensation) improves network reach by 89% (up to 194 km), but using this FBG for CD post-compensation in remote terminal the network reach can be improved by 59% – up to 164 km. Basis on the results authors recommend to use FBG DCM as the best solution for CD compensation in pre-compensation configuration (before NZ-DSF line) in future high-speed long-reach DWDM-PON systems.