This paper considers the structure and operation principles of a new adaptive system of starting and accurate braking of railway transport. This system is based on the application of embedded intelligent device, the existed braking equipment of the railway transport, auxiliary mechanical parts as well as adaptive searching algorithms playing a significant role in the effectiveness of the proposed system. The paper contains definitions of the functions of the main blocks of the systems under consideration and their mathematical descriptions. Additionally the algorithm of system operation is described. The prototype of the proposed device was tested, the obtained results, advantages and further develop-ment opportunities are proposed. Mainly, problems of railway transport are connected with safety during the exploitation and crashes that become causes of human victims and high material losses. Various solutions are continuously developed for new modern rail-way safety systems for existing railways, but unfortunately none of them may solve the problem completely and propose the solution for the specific problem. Therefore the adaptive smooth and precise train braking system is proposed to propose the solution for the specific task of crash prevention, target braking and human factor reduction.