The concern of this article was a study conducted in the Riga Technical University laboratory investigating the weldability of R65 rails of the Nizhniy Tagil and AZOVSTAL factories by the mobile rail-welding machine. This article discusses comparative analysis of P-65 (A, T) type welded joint metal structure. Moreover, the statistics of joints welded by the mobile rail-welding machine PRSM-4 on the Latvian Railway during 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 will be also examined and considered. The main task of the study is to provide a detailed evaluation of the metal hardness and structure when rails with different types of hardening are welded (AZOVSTAL IRON & STEEL WORKS - not thermally hardened) and (Nizhniy Tagil Iron and Steel Works - through-hardened).