Increasing the speed of transmission of information stream in the railway logistics system of cargo delivery can be achieved by developing new methods of routing information stream, taking into account changes in the structure of the data transmission network and the characteristics of transmission channels and are based on researches of the values of the average data packet delay of these information streams. The mathematical model of rational distribution of data stream on the routes in a data transmission network was formulated on the basis of the use of adaptive routing algorithms to optimize the structure of the telecommunications network of railway transport as an important component of the logistics system for cargo delivery. The way of calculation of the maximum values of the intensity of data stream between separate knots of a telecommunication network is proposed. The found dependences of change of error probability in a data packet on its length allow to maximize the message-transmission rate on data transmission channels for a given probability of data transmission distortion taking into account memory limitations and minimizing processor system costs when processing a message.