The use of cable communication lines and mobile communication networks in engineering practice requires a clear understanding of communication technology standards, parameter calculation methods and their mathematical modelling capabilities at the primary design stage. The Thesis is aimed at gaining a deeper understanding of the design and construction of railway telematic communication lines. It includes experimental studies of cable lines and mobile networks in a heterogeneous environment, the results of which, together with the theoretical basis, can be used in the tasks of designing communication lines and constructing telecommunication networks.