106.25 Gbaud On-Off Keying and Pulse Amplitude Modulation Links Supporting Next Generation Ethernet on Single Lambda
Journal of Lightwave Technology 2024
Armands Ostrovskis, Toms Salgals, B Kruger, F Pittala, M Joharifar, R Schatz, M Koenigsmann, Y Fan, M Chacinski, U Westergren, L Zhang, H Mardoyan, Sandis Spolītis, S Popov, X Yu, M Gruen, Vjačeslavs Bobrovs, H Louchet, Xiaodan Pang, Oskars Ozoliņš

Development of Data Center based computing technology require energy efficient high-speed transmission links. This leads to optical amplification-free intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD) systems with low complexity equalization compliant with IEEE standardized electrical interfaces. Switching from on-off keying to multi-level pulse amplitude modulation would allow to reduce lane count for next generation Ethernet interfaces. We characterize 106.25 Gbaud on-off keying, 4-level and 6-level pulse amplitude modulation links using two integrated transmitters: O-band directly modulated laser and C-band externally modulated laser. Simple feed forward or decision feedback equalizer is used. We demonstrate 106.25 Gbaud on-off keying links operating without forward error correction for both transmitters. We also show 106.25 Gbaud 4-level and 6-level pulse amplitude modulation links with performance below 6.25% overhead hard-decision forward error threshold of 4.5×10-3. Furthermore, for EML-based transmitter we achieve 106.25 Gbaud 4-level pulse amplitude modulation performance below KP-FEC threshold of 2.2×10-4. That shows that we can use optics to support (2x)100 Gbps Ethernet on single lambda at expense of simple forward error correction.


Keywords
C-band; Laser feedback; Modulation; Optical feedback; Optical transmitters; Stimulated emission; Waveguide lasers
DOI
10.1109/JLT.2023.3328774
Hyperlink
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10301665

Ostrovskis, A., Salgals, T., Kruger, B., Pittala, F., Joharifar, M., Schatz, R., Koenigsmann, M., Fan, Y., Chacinski, M., Westergren, U., Zhang, L., Mardoyan, H., Spolītis, S., Popov, S., Yu, X., Gruen, M., Bobrovs, V., Louchet, H., Pang, X., Ozoliņš, O. 106.25 Gbaud On-Off Keying and Pulse Amplitude Modulation Links Supporting Next Generation Ethernet on Single Lambda. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2023, Vol. 42, No. 4, pp.1272-1280. ISSN 0733-8724. e-ISSN 1558-2213. Available from: doi:10.1109/JLT.2023.3328774

Publication language
English (en)
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