The Doctoral Thesis aims to comprehensively analyse climate and energy measures, their key drivers and weaknesses, and their impact on sustainable development and progress toward achieving climate targets through the development of a sustainability assessment methodology. The contribution and originality of the Doctoral Thesis are based on the multidimensional combination of several methods that evaluate climate and energy measures through environmental, technical, economic, and social dimensions. The study uses the composite index method as a framework but also multicriteria decision analysis, emissions calculation, techno-economic analysis, sensitivity analysis, regression analysis, and the Hirschman index. The outcome of the Doctoral Thesis is a multi-dimensional evaluation of specific climate and energy measures using an indicator approach.