Is known that surgical operation in pathologically changed main sites of vessels and replacement of the damaged segments with qualitative prosthesis can restore a normal bloodstream having prevented threat of heavy consequences. Now, biomechanical and physiological properties of blood vessels prosthesis, used in world medicine, mismatch properties of human blood vessels. It means, that earliar offered structures of a wall of prosthesis are not capable to pulse, that does not allow to dissipate high wave fluctuations of a blood flow and, as consequence, to provide long hemodinamic process in an human organism after implantation. During given development have been offered innovation of prosthesis wall structures intended for reconstruction of a site of abdomen aorta, most often influence sclerous pathological changes. The wall of implant, capable to functionate as anisotropic, nonlinear-elastic system, it has differs weave and structure of polyester and elastic in warp and weft ends. Lycra is applied as additional warp ends, that allows to made soft and well deformed implant. The main biomechanical parameters of prosthesis wall samples have been investigated during this research work by special stand and by Zwick / Roell machine. Results of experimental data have shown that the value of the module of elasticity and relative deformation of a wall of a aorta prosthesis depends from technological parameters of weaving. For example, if the wall of a prosthesis is made by twill weave, in comparison with a linen interlacing, the module of elasticity of a wall decreases approximately ten times, and relative deformation increases five times. At the same time, results of research have shown dependence of biomechanical properties of a innovation structures prosthesis of an aorta from the fibrous material used in weft ends. Results of experiment allow to approve that biomechanical properties of offered implant alike to properties of human aorta, when for construction of aprosthesis wall is used twill weave and a fibrous lycra material for weft bundles and additional warp ends.