The article presents a theoretical study of the history of clothing and influence of science and new technologies to this process. The authors characterize the main factors of formation and development of garments; emphasize the role of fashion in this process. Clothing has always played an important role in society and culture. Costume characterizes both the individual and aesthetic ideals of the epoch. Clothing describes human behavior, social status, moral values, way of thinking, etc., and also reflects the historical events and leading fashion idols. Costume forms appearance of the people, it is like”business card”. Individual style, reflecting the material and cultural environment, creates an overall style of the era. Change in clothing associated with science and technological discoveries. Merging of several branches of science (chemistry, physics, biology, etc.) developed new functional features of the textile, clothing models and accessories, such being the case to become relevant studies of clothing culture now. In the literature found three explanations of clothing origin - the basic function of clothing was to protect the body against environmental conditions, secondly, clothing formed for ethical reasons - the influence of feelings of shame, and finally, the social version - clothing served as the confirmation of identity, status sign. Recent scientific discoveries related to the formation of intelligent materials and products. The appearance of the clothing with integrated technologies does not change significantly the style of clothing. However, there were changes in communication - new technology greatly improves the ability to respond to changes inside the human body and in the environment, and also improves communication between people in different geographical regions. The rapid development of smart textiles in the future will lead to the situation when these products will come in the life of society in much more aggressive manner, which in turn can lead to not so much a stylistic changes of clothes, as to changes in social status. Smart clothing is an important step in the development of the sciences and in the future will contribute to the acceleration of globalization in the garment industry