New woven vascular implants were developed during the implementation of this research work. Synthetic and natural textile yarns were integrated into the walls of these implants. These yarns had different source properties. Prostheses were manufactured by weaving. These implants were further processed by special biological solution in the process of finishing. The proposed wall structure of synthetic woven prostheses contains 40 % warp and weft natural silk yarn, which dissolves over a period in the organism of the patient and gradually is replaced by living tissues. Biomechanical properties of the new prosthesis were maximally close to the properties of a reconstructed natural blood vessel (aorta). These properties in an organism of the patient may persist for a long time. Implants with such a structure help to increase the duration of physical activity of the patient. This was confirmed by histological studies.