One of the European Union's priorities over the last couple of decades has been to work on climate neutrality, including the objective of achieving carbon neutrality by 2050, as well as ensuring energy self-sufficiency. One of the main challenges is the transition to renewables. Electricity from renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, is seasonal in nature, which cannot predictably and stably meet the necessary electricity consumption and cover peak loads. The so-called 'energy crisis' is also a very topical problem at the moment, reinforcing the global need to increase the share of renewables in the total balance of primary energy sources. There are several directions and ways to promote it. Smart grids with extensive cross-border energy transmission interconnections, Energy communities, Planned generation with appropriate policy instruments, Energy storage and others. This challenge can be seen at all levels of consumption, from households as decentralised producers of renewable energy to a regional level that needs to ensure an efficient and economically sound electricity supply. The author believes that electricity storage is the key to a faster and more successful transition to renewable energy sources in power supply. At present, the pace of electricity storage deployment in Europe is unsatisfactory slow. This is influenced by a number of factors, and it is necessary to accelerate the pace and increase volumes in order to facilitate a 100% transition to renewables, expand renewable energy practices and help improve consumers' quality of life. An important factor is to significantly reduce the impact on the environment and climate change. The availability of energy storage solutions is constantly growing, and the level of technological innovation is developing rapidly. It is therefore valuable to study and look for ways to store electricity in order to facilitate its availability from private homes to public and more broadly on a European scale. The aim of the doctoral thesis is to understand the technological possibilities for electricity storage, a s w ell a s t o f ind o ut h ow a nd w hat f actors i nfluence t he introduction o f t hese technologies, including to study the possibilities of energy storage that would allow the energy system and economy to move towards energy independence, including various sub-sectors of the economy, enterprises, municipalities and also household energy consumers, to achieve climate neutrality goals. The doctoral thesis is based on scientific publications developed during doctoral studies.