The Doctoral Thesis is prepared as a set of thematically unified scientific publications, which summarizes research on the synthesis of new functionalized purine derivatives. In the Doctoral Thesis, the photophysical properties and potential applications of new 6-triazolyl- and 2,6-bis-triazolylpurine derivatives were studied. New purine derivatives that are soluble in water and other solvents were obtained, and potentially can be used as Zn2+, Fe2+, Mn2+, Ca2+, Cu2+ and Hg2+ metal ion sensors. In addition, a new method for the synthesis of purine-indole conjugates from triazolylpurine derivatives was developed.