High Functionality Polyols from Rapeseed Oil as Raw Material for Polyurethane Thermal Insulation
Baltic Polymer Symposium 2015: Programme and Proceedings 2015
Miķelis Kirpļuks, D. Kalnbunde, Uģis Cābulis

In this study IWC uses well known epoxy ring opening reaction [1] with different polyfunctional alcohols to obtain polyols with high reactivity and high functionality. Epoxidation of rapeseed oil was done by peroxyacetic acid, which was obtained from reaction between hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid, in presence of ion-exchange resin catalyst. Conversion of 84% of rapeseed oil double bonds was achieved and afterwards epoxy rings were opened with polyfunctional alcohols TEA and diethylene glycol (DEG). Molar ratio of epoxy groups and polyfunctional alcohol 1/1.1 was used. DEG polyol is already produced on industrial scale and it was chosen as comparison material. After epoxy ring opening additional amount of TEA was added to carry out transesterification of triglyceride ester bonds in presence of zinc acetate catalyst. Three different molar ratios of fatty acid triglyceride and TEA were studied: 1/1.5; 1/2.0 and 1/2.5. Following characteristics were determine for obtained polyols: hydroxyl value, acid value, viscosity, density and moisture. The structure of polyols were investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). From GPC data average molecular weight (Mn), the weight average molecular weight (Mw), polydispersity index and average functionality of polyols was determine. Obtained polyols were used to produce rigid PU foam thermal insulation materials for which thermal conductivity, apparent density and compression strength was tested. This study showed that it is possible to obtain good quality polyols and rigid PU foams that are comparable to petrochemical materials and conventional bio-based polyols. Obtained TEA polyols had much higher reactivity than DEG polyol. Also their OH value was higher 550±15 to 242±15 mgKOH/g. From FTIR spectra it was seen that full epoxy group conversion was achieved, but GPC data showed that oligomers with high Mn were obtained, especially in case of DEG polyol which’s Mn was 2542 g/mol compared to TEA polyol with Mn of 709 g/mol.


Atslēgas vārdi
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Kirpļuks, M., Kalnbunde, D., Cābulis, U. High Functionality Polyols from Rapeseed Oil as Raw Material for Polyurethane Thermal Insulation. No: Baltic Polymer Symposium 2015: Programme and Proceedings, Latvija, Sigulda, 16.-18. septembris, 2015. Riga: RTU Press, 2015, 48.-48.lpp.

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