The theoretical issue which shall be explored in this paper concerns the analysis of terms based on allusion. Allusion has long been an interesting and controversial phenomenon to study, yet stereotyped as being typical only of literary texts. However, the advent of globalization, the need to approach emerging technical and scientific concepts from an interdisciplinary point of view and changes in the nature of their naming traditions and conventions have broadened the scope of application of this figure of speech. As a contribution to this question, the author provides contrastive data on terms based on Biblical allusions in English and Latvian, which have been taken from various texts1 belonging to different technical fields. With the focus on Biblical allusions in this paper, the author aims to investigate the mechanisms of the formation of terms based on allusion (incorporating analysis of the source, i.e. the Bible, setting a clear frame for the related terms and identifying the relevant lexical layers), pays special attention to their functions (establishing the inner and outer classifications to enable cross-referencing, synonymy, etc.), and studies their application and alignment across languages (investigating the key factors and analyzing their implementation in the given communicative settings). The author of the paper tends to focus on examples that might cause difficulties to translators/ terminologists/ terminographers/ field specialists when applying (i.e., using, contrasting, aligning) terms in English and Latvian.