Scientists worldwide have brought more attention to global warming problem, which is directly linked to increasing consumption of accumulated energy with increasing pollution levels for components contributing to greenhouse effects. Specific aspect is that current use of the accumulated energy and with overall heat disseminated into environment by people or industrial processes are above the levels of natural processes of decomposition or disintegration of contributing factors. Discussed samples are the intense use of fossil energy sources together with challenges to limit atmospheric pollution with greenhouse gases. Thus, new solutions are needed to replace increasing demand with a sustainable energy sources for all population worldwide in the scale of countries, regions and cities. Authors use literature review and rapid review to reflect the challenges of the energy sector due to Climate Change aspects and increasing energy demand as the global population continuously increases. The research results indicate that environmentally friendly low carbon technologies need to be utilized in order to achieve sustainability goals. Renewable energy sources should be deployed and developed. Even if with current technology their potential is limited, implementing would reduce overall pressure on nature. More advanced energy storage systems may solve part of the problem of energy shortage while providing energy at times of increased demand (to even out day/night, seasonal cycles of natural resource energy generation) and support the integration of renewable energy sources into urban environment. It is important to have equable investments regarding the low carbon technologies all around the globe. Additionally, research and development studies should be carried out to raise the efficiency of low carbon technologies and provide sustainable energy.