Climate change is one of the world's most pressing challenges that will burden future generations. The rapid increase of the world's population over the last two centuries has significantly increased the impact on climate change. And satisfying the increasing needs of global population adds pressure to ecosystems contributing to climate change. The consequences of omitting the principles of sustainability can be catastrophic, hence, a balance must be reached so that the Earth will continue to be the home of humanity. Authors used literature review and statistical analysis to explore influencing factors of climate change. Results reflect several factors influencing climate change in energy sector. Considering the growing energy demand, the current energy production model, which is dominated by non-renewable energy sources, is not sustainable. Adequate and secure energy supply with the least possible negative impact on the environment will play important role in ensuring sustainability of the energy sector. It is important to acknowledge that, although the estimated investment required to reduce greenhouse gas emissions is high, the economic cost of tackling the climate change would by far outweigh the investment required to mitigate the consequences of the climate change. Energy production must move from nonrenewable energy sources to biomass, solar, wind, geothermal, hydropower and nuclear energy. In the long term, renewable energy can help to improve the competitiveness of various industry sectors and have a positive impact on regional development and employment. With the advancement of technology, the solutions and related costs of using solar and wind energy systems have become affordable. European Union policy intervention has influenced market conditions that are rapidly evolving in favor of renewable energy. However, significant additional investment in renewable energy is needed worldwide and in the European Union to ensure a 100% renewable energy supply by 2050. Great potential in reducing anthropogenic impact of climate change lays in changing individual and collective behavior and consumption patterns of global population.