Utilisation of By-Product Phosphogypsum through Extrusion-Based 3D Printing
Materials 2024
Māris Šinka, Danutė Vaičiukynienė, Dalia Nizevičienė, Alise Sapata, Ignacio Villalón Fornés, Vitoldas Vaitkevičius, Evaldas Šerelis

Phosphogypsum (PG) is a phosphate fertiliser by-product. This by-product has a low level of utilisation. Calcium sulphate is dominated in PG similar to gypsum and, therefore, has good binding properties (similar to natural gypsum). However, the presence of water-soluble phosphates and fluorides, an unwanted acidic impurity in PG, makes PG unsuitable for the manufacture of gypsum-based products. In this study, the binding material of PG (β-CaSO4·0.5H2O) was produced from β-CaSO4·2H2O by calcination. To neutralise the acidic PG impurities, 0.5 wt% quicklime was added to the PG. In the construction sector, 3D-printing technology is developing rapidly as this technology has many advantages. The current study is focused on creating a 3D-printable PG mixture. The 3D-printing paste was made using sand as the fine aggregate and a binder based on PG. The results obtained show that, despite the low degree of densification, 3D printing improves the mechanical properties of this material compared to cast samples. The 3D-printed specimens tested in [u] direction reached the highest compressive strength of 950 kPa. The cast specimens showed a 17% lower compressive strength of 810 kPa. The 3D-printed specimens tested in the [v] and [w] directions reached a compressive strength of 550 kPa and 710 kPa, respectively.


Atslēgas vārdi
phosphogypsum; 3D printing; building materials; recycling materials
DOI
10.3390/ma17225570
Hipersaite
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/17/22/5570

Šinka, M., Vaičiukynienė, D., Nizevičienė, D., Sapata, A., Villalón Fornés, I., Vaitkevičius, V., Šerelis, E. Utilisation of By-Product Phosphogypsum through Extrusion-Based 3D Printing. Materials, 2024, Vol. 17, No. 22, Article number 5570. e-ISSN 1996-1944. Pieejams: doi:10.3390/ma17225570

Publikācijas valoda
English (en)
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