In many technological processes the quality of water is determined by iron ion concentration and hardness. The effect of electrolysis and electrodialysis processes on iron and calcium ion concentration and the development of microorganisms in water were studied in this work. Experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions using model solutions containing iron and calcium ions. Bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens were used as model organism for disinfection experiments. In this work it was found that the solution electrolysis with successive filtration through quartz sand reduces total iron ion concentration 40 - 50 times. If the current intensity applied to the electrodialysis cell is increased, the total amount of iron ion concentration reduced in the solution and the specific work of the process increases. It was found that calcium and total iron ion concentration in FeSO4 and CaCO3 containing solution decreased during electrodialysis. Rapid concentration decrease is observed at the beginning of the process. Electrolysis (to remove iron) of water solution containing at least 1 mmol/L of chlorine ions also significantly improves the microbiological situation. No bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens colony forming unit development in electrolyzed water within five days was found. Using water electrodialysis it is possible to efficiently desalinate solution. The development intensity of bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens colony forming units in desalinated water is significantly reduced (as far as 1500 times).