Research results of optimal control and identification algorithms of the dynamic systems in extreme conditions and limited prior information are discussed. The model of electrical solar sail is chosen as an object for research. The electrical solar sail consists of a net of the thinnest electric send-offs with a diameter of 10 microns, whose general length is more than 30 000 meters and complex of electronic equipment, providing the permanent functioning of this system in space. Features of structure and function scheme of the object control system are considered.