Currently education at all levels are becoming mass so that its maintenance requires more and more financial resources. The world experience explicitly proves that science and higher-level university education ensuring both versatility and in-depth studies of processes is the basis for the development of high technologies and culture. In a longer perspective this issue is related with global processes. Of course, also in the new conditions there will be the demand for semi-skilled (low-paid) labour alongside with highly qualified (well-paid) labour. The issue of what jobs inhabitants will be able to perform in the future is to be addressed already today. Therefore, the long-term perspectives of both production and employment of population are related with knowledge. Education and science are the necessary prerequisites for successful integration into globalization processes.