One form of the renewable fuels – fatty acid methyl esters (FAME, biodiesel) is produced today in large volume and is the most popular first generation biofuel. All characteristics of biodiesel are determined by the chemical structure of esters and its content in the mixture. Each raw material has a defined fatty acid profile, therefore one part of properties are determined by the chemical structure of locally available vegetable oil or fat. The influence of fatty acid profile on properties of FAME is comparatively good investigated. The information about the influence of alcohol moieties is scarce hence in this work we investigate the influence of C1-C5 alcohol moieties on the properties of biodiesel from rapeseed oil. On the basis of obtained results we can conclude, that the number of carbon atoms and structural features of alcohol moiety influenced all characteristics of the biodiesel. The density decrease, but the viscosity increase with increasing carbon atom number in alcohol moiety. Variation of the structure of alcohol moiety gives the possibility to remarkably improve the cold flow properties without observable change of other properties. The largest effect gives the use for synthesis branched chain alcohols. The CFPP for these esters is -24 oC.