This paper presents analysis of trends of regional development in Latvia during years 2000 – 2015 (for some indicators there is different period under consideration due to limited data). Analysis is carried out in two breakdowns – first, for 6 statistical regions of Latvia, and second – for 9 republican importance cities. In this research, the main accent is on aspect of human resource, as population is one of the most important determinants of sustainable development – quantity and quality of human resource directly affects all other dimensions of sustainable development. To feature trends of development, such indicators as number of inhabitants, changes in number of inhabitants, structure of population by age groups, demographic burden and education of population are used.