In the present work the formation of active TiO2 nanofibers in microwave-assisted synthesis and their modification with Au, Pt, Pd and Ag nanoparticles were studied. Anatase nanopowder and 10 M KOH solution were used as raw materials. Microwave-assisted synthesis permitted to obtain TiO2 nanofibers and nanowires with a diameter of 10 nm and a specific surface area 158.5 m 2 /g. Chemical deposition method was used to modify TiO2 nanofibers with precious metal nanoparticles. After modification specific surface area decreased and was in range 73.1 – 74.7 m 2 /g. Photocatalytic activity was determined by degradation of the methylene blue (MB) solution under visible light irradiation. High intensity LED lamp was used as a light source. The obtained samples showed higher photocatalytic activity with respect to pure TiO2 nanofibers. The doped TiO2 nanofibers were suitable for degradation of harmful organic compounds as well as for hydrogen production by water splitting.