Gaseous Fuel Diversification in Residential Sector: Analysis of Potential Risks
Scientific Problems of Engineering Economics of Construction and Real Estate Management, Regional and Territorial Development ICEREE’2022: Book of Abstracts 2022
Leo Jansons, Namejs Zeltiņš, Ineta Geipele, Laila Zemīte

Gaseous fuel diversification, which includes, but is not limited to, wider renewable gas (RG) usage in energy generation and energy-intensive industries throughout the European Union (EU), has the strong national economy and climate-related advantages. But, at the same time, gaseous fuel diversification, especially when carried out at a large scale, can be associated with numerous risk factors. These risks can vary from sector to sector and apply not only to large-scale energy and industrial processes but to a residential gas supply as well. If the main avenues of gaseous fuel diversification in a residential sector correspond to the blending of the following RGs: biomethane and green hydrogen, into existing natural gas networks with subsequent delivery of blended resources to all consumers, including residential ones, - risks associated with it falls into two categories. The first category is methane-rich fuel-associated risks (natural gas and biomethane), and the second - is non-methane-rich fuel-associated risks (hydrogen). The first category includes natural gas-related risks, as chemically biomethane is a substance identical to it. These risks are leaks, fire, explosion, and suffocation; however, the natural gas alone will not burn or explode. The second category includes green hydrogen (or hydrogen of any origin), which could be blended with methane and biomethane in low proportions with minimal investments into the existing natural gas systems. The share of hydrogen in a blend may range up to 10 percent by energy, although this is subject to the ongoing debate. The main risk factors associated with the usage of pure hydrogen or high concentration of hydrogen in hydrogen-methane blends are: propensity to leaks, as hydrogen can diffuse through many materials considered airtight or impermeable to other gases, buoyancy as hydrogen is the lightest known gas, that rises quickly under atmospheric conditions, flammability – when mixed with air, hydrogen can easily ignite or/and explode, metal embrittlement (hydrogen-induced cracking) as the reduction in the ductility of metal can occur due to absorbed hydrogen (in steels, iron, nickel, titanium, cobalt, and their alloys). Also, risks of proper mechanical blending of hydrogen and methane may arise in certain situations that might, among others, result in rising gaseous fuel usage risks in the residential sector. Especially when domestic appliances that are not designed to run on a high mix of hydrogen (gas boilers, furnaces, cookstoves, etc.) are concerned. To mitigate these risks promptly, at least part of them have to be replaced with hydrogen-compatible alternatives, which are currently available to consumers in rather limited amounts.


Atslēgas vārdi
diversification risks, gaseous fuels, management strategies, renewable gases
Hipersaite
https://buni.rtu.lv/wp-content/uploads/sites/68/2022/09/ICEREE-abstracts_2022-web.pdf

Jansons, L., Zeltiņš, N., Geipele, I., Zemīte, L. Gaseous Fuel Diversification in Residential Sector: Analysis of Potential Risks. No: Scientific Problems of Engineering Economics of Construction and Real Estate Management, Regional and Territorial Development ICEREE’2022: Book of Abstracts, Latvija, Riga, 29.-30. septembris, 2022. Riga: RTU Press, 2022, 11.-12.lpp. ISSN 2592-9372.

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English (en)
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