Due to biorefinery concept intensively developing at present, technical lignins are considered as advantageous renewable organic raw material for generation of value added products and chemicals. The characterization of structure and properties of non-hydrolized residues (LHRs) from fuel ethanol production from softwood and wheat straw was carried out using Py-GC/MS, FTIR- and EPR-spectroscopy, nitrogen sorption method, thermal analysis, calorimetry and routine chemical analysis procedures. The enhancing content of carbon in LHRs makes them valuable renewable source for heat and energy production and obtaining of granular carbon adsorbents of high quality. It was shown that efficient sorbents for non-polar organic substances including oil products can be produced by mechano-chemical treatment of LHRs.