Hydroxyapatite (HAp), β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and biphasic mixture of HAp/β-TCP in different proportions were synthesized by wet chemical precipitation method in aqueous medium using calcium hydroxide suspension and orthophosphoric acid solution as starting materials. This method is characterized by simple process, low cost and easy application in industrial production. The influence of synthesis parameters such as temperature of synthesis (22°C, 45°C, 70°C), acid solution addition rate, ending pH value of synthesis (5, 6, 7, 9, 10), atmosphere (air or argon), aging time of suspension (0 or 20 h) and thermal processing at 1000°C and above has been investigated to obtain pure, highly crystalline hydroxyapatite. The precise determination of the calcium phosphate phases and their thermal stability requires the use of thermal treatment at 1000°C and above. The phase identification, chemical composition and morphological characteristics were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The XRD and FT-IR analysis revealed that the synthesis product was partially crystalline HAp. Thermal processing at 1000°C led to significant changes in phase composition and transformation. The β-TCP content in HAp powder is found to be highly dependent on the changes in technological parameters and thermal treatment. Temperature and pH of synthesis were the determinant parameters to obtain hydroxyapatite.